Ethylene Cracking Furnaces
Pyrolysis or steam cracking furnaces for use with gas, naphtha or HVGO
Within the ethylene plant, the pyrolysis or ethylene cracking furnaces are the key elements for the production of basic materials such as ethylene, propylene, butadiene for the plastics industry. Depending on usage and the required product distribution, Linde Pyrocrack technology can achieve optimum running times with high yields and high selectivity.
The base materials used are saturated hydrocarbons, mainly ethane, propane, butane, LNG, naphtha and gas oil. The conversion of saturated to unsaturated hydrocarbons takes place in cracking pipes at inlet temperatures of 500 – 680°C and outlet temperatures of 775 – 875°C in a pressure range of 1.5 – 5 bar. To increase the ethylene/propylene yield and to minimise coke formation through accidental crack reactions, this conversion takes place in the presence of water vapour.
The cracking furnaces are modified to customer requirements in accordance with the product distribution required.
| Contact |
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| Tel: +49.89.7447.47 - 0 Fax: +49.89.7447.47 - 17 |
E-mail: selas-linde@linde-le.com |
| Plants completed |
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| Total | over 280 new plants and 92 upgrades |
| 1988 to 2003 | 88 new plants and 77 upgrades (including 16 plants currently under construction) |
| Performance features |
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| Ethylene production per furnace: | Max. to date: 180,000 t/yr |
| Propylene production per furnace: | Depending on cracking severity P/E between 0.5 and 0.7 |
| Thermal efficiency: | up to 94 – 95% < 100 mg/Nm³ without DeNOx catalyst |
| NOx emissions: | < 60 mg/Nm³ with DeNOx catalyst |
| Delivery time: | Min. 14 months |
| 1988 to 2003 | 88 new plants and 77 upgrades (including 16 plants currently under construction) |
| Plant features |
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| Highly selective cracking coils Types: |
Pyrocrack 1-1 Pyrocrack 2-2 Pyrocrack 4-2 |
| Transfer line exchanger (TLE): | Shell tube type Tube tube type(Linear) |
| Firing concepts: | Pure bottom firing Mixture of side and bottom burner Pure side wall firing |
| Operation: | Automat. switchover from cracking to decoking operation |
| Decoking: | Cyclone in chimney Cyclone next to furnace Recirculation in fire box |
| Maintenance assistance: |
Simple replacement of strazo coil by opening in end wall (barn door) COT zone regulation |
| References |
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| Germany |
| Belgium | BASF, Antwerpen |
| China | JILIN CHEM. ENGINEERING, Jilin |
